INDONESIA
(Republic of Indonesia)

Capital: Jakarta
Currency: Indonesian rupee (IDR)
Population: 217,8 million People
GDP (PPS): 3 481 bln. dollars of the USA (2018)
Area: 1,904,569 sq.km.
IRCHP: 113 (2015)

ABOUT THE COUNTRY

The republican form of government of Indonesia includes the elected parliament and the president. In Indonesia there are 34 provinces, five of which have the special status. Its capital is Jakarta which is a city area, the second for population, in the world. The country divides overland borders with Papua New Guinea, East Timor and east part of Malaysia. Other neighboring countries include Singapore, Vietnam, Philippines, Australia, Palau both Indiana Andamanskiye and the Nicobar Islands. Despite the extensive inhabited and densely populated areas, Indonesia has extensive areas of the desert which support the high level of a biodiversity. In the country natural resources, such as oil and natural gas, tin, copper and gold are rich. Agriculture generally produces rice, palm oil, tea, coffee, cocoa, herbs, spices and rubber. The main trade partners of Indonesia are China, the USA, Japan, Singapore and India.

HISTORY

Minerals and the remains of tools show that the archipelago was populated with Homo erectus known as "Java Man", between 1,5 million years ago and 35 000 years ago. Homo sapiens reached the region about 45 000 years ago. The Avstroneziysky people which make most of the modern population migrated to Southeast Asia from present Taiwan. They arrived about 2000, and when they extended on the archipelago, they limited the indigenous Melanesian people in the Far East regions. Ideal conditions for agriculture and development of cultivation of rice on the damp field in the 8th century B.C. allowed villages, the cities and small kingdoms to prosper in the first century of our era. Strategic sea put ny Indonesia contributed to the development of interisland and international trade, including connection with the Indian kingdoms and the Chinese dynasties which were established throughout several centuries B.C. Since then trade has the fundamental form of the Indonesian history.

GEOGRAPHY

Indonesia is between the latitudes of 11 °C and 6 °C. highway. And longitudes 95 ° EL and 141 ° EL. It is the biggest arkhipelazhny country in the world stretching for 5 120 kilometers (3,181 miles) from the East on the West and on 1760 kilometers (1,094 miles) from the North on the South. According to the geospatial review which is carried out by the National cartographical agency in 2007-2010 in Indonesia there are 13 466 islands scattered on both sides of the equator and about 6 000 of them are inhabited. The largest are Java, Sumatra, Borneo (shared with Brunei and Malaysia), Sulawesi and New Guinea (shared with Papua New Guinea). Indonesia divides overland borders with Malaysia into Borneo, Papua New Guinea on the island New Guinea and East Timor on the island of Timor.