JAMAICA
(Island state of Jamaica. The British Commonwealth in West Indies. Caribbean Sea.)

Capital: Valve
Languages: Jamaican патоис, English
Area: 10 991 sq.km.
Population: 2 890 299 persons.
Currency: Jamaican dollar (JMD)

HISTORY

The Arawak who is earlier inhabited by indigenous people and Secretly, the island of Jamaica got under the Spanish board after Christopher Columbus's arrival in 1494. Many of indigenous people died of a disease, and the Spanish replaced African slaves to Jamaica were workers. The island remained possession of Spain till 1655 when England (later Great Britain) won it and renamed into Jamaica. Under the British colonial board Jamaica became the leading exporter of sugar, at the same time the economy of plantations strongly depended on the African slaves. British completely released all slaves in 1838, and many freedmen preferred to have subsistence economies, but not to work at plantations. Since 1840th years, the British used the Chinese and Indian works for work on plantations. On August 6, 1962 the island found independence of the United Kingdom.

GEOGRAPHY

Jamaica - the third largest island in the Caribbean Region. It is between latitudes 17 ° and 19 °C. Sh.I longitudes 76 ° and 79 ° WL. Mountains, including the Blue Mountains, dominate over the internal area. They are surrounded with the narrow coastal plain. In Jamaica only two cities, first of which - Kingston, the capital and the center of business located on the southern coast, and the second city - Montego Bay, one of the most known cities in the Caribbean Region for tourism located in the north protected. Other cities include Portmor, the Spanish city, Mandeville and resorts Ocho-Rios, Port Antonio and Negril. The harbor Kingston - the natural harbor, the seventh in size, in the world which promoted that the city was appointed the capital in 1872.

CLIMATE

Climate of Jamaica tropical, supporting various ecosystems with a set of plants and animals.
For the last centuries life of Jamaica considerably changed. When Spaniards arrived in 1494, except for small agricultural fields, the country was deeply forest. The European settlers cut down big trees for construction and deliveries of the ships and also cleaned plains, savannas and hillsides for intensive agriculture. Many new plants, including a sugar cane, bananas and citrus trees were entered.
Areas of a heavy rain contain stands of a bamboo, ferns, an ebony, mahogany and a black rosewood. The cactus and similar droughty areas are located along the southern and southwest coastal zone. Parts of the West and the southwest consist of big meadows, with the scattered trees.

MOTTO

The Jamaican national motto - "From many people", based on multiracial roots of the population. The motto is submitted on the Coat of arms where the male and female member of the tribe secretly Indians standing on both sides from a board which bears a red cross with five gold pineapples is represented.