AUSTRALIA

Australia - the unique and various country in every respect - in culture, the population, climate, geography and history.

CULTURE

The Australian culture is so wide and various, as well as a country landscape. Australia is multicultural and multiracial, and it is reflected in food, a way of life and cultural traditions and experience of the country.
Australia has important heritage at the indigenous people which plays the defining role in a cultural landscape.
Such variety of influences creates a cultural environment in Australia which live, vigorous, innovative and external.

POPULATION

As of December, 2014 the population of Australia makes about 23,6 million people. The most densely populated states are New South Wales and Victoria, with their respective capitals, Sydney and Melbourne, the largest cities of Australia.
The population of Australia is concentrated along the coastal region of Australia from Adelaide to Cairns, with small concentration around Perth, Western Australia. Center of Australia малонаселен.

CLIMATE

The majority of Australia test moderate weather the most part of year.
Northern states of Australia, as a rule, warm all the time, and the southern states test cool winters, but seldom minus 0.
Snow drops out on higher mountains in winter months that allows to ski in the southern areas of the Southern Wales and the Victorian ski resorts and also in small resorts in the island state of Australia in Tasmania.

GEOGRAPHY

Australia is the island continent and the sixth in size the country in the world (7 682 300 sq.km).
Being engaged between the Indian and Pacific oceans, the country makes about 4000 km from the East on the West and 3200 km from the North on the South with the extent of 36 735 km. Canberra - the capital of Australia. With the population about 380 000 people and located in the Australian capital territory, Canberra is approximately halfway between two largest cities of Melbourne and Sydney.
In Australia there are 19 objects of the World heritage. Australia is also known for the significant buildings, including Harbor Bridge in Sydney; its ancient geology and also its high country.

HISTORY

It is considered that the first residents of Australia, natives, moved from some unknown place in Asia to Australia between 50 000 and 60 000 years ago.
While attribute to the captain James Cook the European discovery of Australia in 1770, Portuguese, perhaps, for the first time saw the country while Dutches, as we know, explored coastal areas in the 1640th years.
The first European settlement of Australia was in January, 1788 when the First fleet went to the Gulf Cons under command of the captain Arthur Philipp. Originally founded as colony, by 1830th years the number of free settlers increased. Transportation of prisoners in east colonies was cancelled in 1852 and in the western colonies in 1868.