LITHUANIA
(Republic of Lithuania)

Capital: Vilnius
Currency: Euro (EUR)
Population: 2,8 million people
GDP (PPS): 97 bln. dollars of the USA (2018)
Area: 65 300 sq.km.
IRCHP: 37 (2015)

HISTORY

The first people lodged in the territory of Lithuania after the last Ice Age in the 10th millennium B.C.: Kund's cultures, Neman and Narva. They traveled hunters and didn't form stable settlements. In the 8th millennium BC the climate became much warmer, and the woods developed. Residents of Lithuania of that time traveled less and were engaged in local hunting, collecting and freshwater fishing. Agriculture didn't appear up to 3 millennium BC from behind severe climate and a landscape and lack of suitable tools for cultivation of the earth. At this time crafts and trade began to develop. During the millennium the Indo-Europeans who arrived to 3 - 2 millennium BC mixed up with local population and formed various Baltic tribes.

GEOGRAPHY

Lithuania is located in northeast Europe and occupies the space of 65 200 sq.km (25 200 sq. miles). It is between latitudes 53 ° and 57 °C. highway. And generally between longitudes 21 ° and 27 ° EL (a part of Curonian Spit lies to the west from 21 °). It has about 99 kilometers (61,5 miles) of the sandy coast, in total about 38 kilometers (24 miles) from which the high Baltic Sea opens are, less, than in two other countries of the Baltic Sea. Other part of the coast is protected by the peninsula of Kurshsky sand. The warm water port, largest in Lithuania, Klaipeda, lies in the narrow mouth of the Curonian Bay (Lithuanian: Kursiu marios), the small lagoon stretched on the South to Kaliningrad. The main and largest river of the country, the Nyamunas River and some of its inflows bring international navigation.

CLIMATE

Climate of Lithuania which fluctuates between sea and continental, rather soft. Average temperature on the coast is-2,5 °C (27,5 °F) in January and 16 °C (61 °F) in July. In Vilnius average temperature is -6 °C (21 °F) in January and 17 °C (63 °F) in July. During the summer of 20 °C (68 °F) it is widespread during the day, and 14 °C (57 °F) it is widespread at night; in the past temperature reached 30 or 35 °C (86 or 95 °F). Some winters can be very cold. -20 °C (-4 °F) occur nearly an every winter. Winter extreme values - -34 °C (-29 °F) in coastal areas and -43 °C (-45 °F) in the east of Lithuania.
The average annual amount of precipitation makes 800 mm (31,5 inches) on the coast, 900 mm (35,4 inches) to Highlands Samogitiya and 600 mm (23,6 inches) in east part of the country. Snow occurs every year, it can snow from October to April. In several years snowfall can fall in September or May. The vegetative period lasts 202 days in the western part of the country and 169 days in east part. Heavy storms are rare in east part of Lithuania, but are widespread in coastal areas.