HUNGARY
(Hungarian Republic)

Capital: Budapest
Currency: Hungarian forint (HUF)
Population: 9,8 million People
GDP (PPP): 307 bln. dollars of the USA (2018)
Area: 93,030 sq.km.
Language: Hungarian

ABOUT THE COUNTRY

The modern political system of Hungary contained autocracy elements throughout the 19th and 20th centuries, but during the period from 1867 to 1948 in it the parliament with a multi-party system and rather independent judicial system functioned. After communistic capture in 1948 the political system in the Soviet style with the leading role of the Communist Party to which I submitted legislative and executive branches of the power and legal system was introduced. This year all competing political parties were abolished, and the Hungarian Social Democratic Party was forced to unite with the Communist Party and by that to create the Hungarian Workers' Party. After the revolution of 1956 it was reorganized as the Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party which remained before falling of communism in 1989.

AREA

Prevalence of a relief - the great low-lying spaces making a basis of Hungary. Little Alfold (Small Hungarian plain or Kisalfeld) is in the northwest bordered in the West with the most east expansion of the Sub-Alps along border with Austria and Danube limited in the north. Little Alfold is separated from Great Alfold (Great Hungarian plain or Nadj Madyar Alfeld) by the system of low mountains stretching through the whole country from the southwest for the northeast on distance of 250 miles (400 km). This system which forms frame of the country consists of Zadunaybiya (Dunanul) and Northern mountains divided by the Visegradsky gorge of Danube. Transdanubiya prevails Mount Bakona, with dolomitic and calcareous plateaus at the height from 1300 to 2300 feet (400 and 700 meters) above sea level. Volcanic tops include Mount Matra in the north, reaching height of 3,327 feet (1014 meters) at mountain top Cake, the highest top of Hungary. The areas of hills reaching heights from 800 to 1000 feet (from 250 to 300 meters) lie on both sides from the ridge, and to the South and the West from the Lake Balaton is a height of the region with more obedient loessial topography.

CLIMATE

Because of the situation in the Carpathian basin Hungary has moderately arid continental climate. Average annual temperature is about 50 °F (10 °C). Average temperature fluctuates from 25 to 32 °F (-4 - 0 °C) in January up to 64 - 73 °F (18-23 °C) in July. The recorded extrema of temperature make 109 °F (43 °C) in the summer and -29 °F (-34 °C) in the winter. In lowlands the amount of precipitation usually makes from 20 to 24 inches (from 500 to 600 mm), rising up to 24-31 inches (600-800 mm) at higher heights. The central and east regions of Great Alfoll - the driest regions of the country, and southwest heights - the most damp. Until two thirds of annual rainfall drop out during the vegetative period.